The latitudinal herbivory defense hypothesis

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August undefined, 2024

SpletResearch has shown that some plants respond to enhanced UV-B radiation by producing smaller and thicker leaves, by increasing the thickness of epidermis and concentration of UV-B absorbing compounds of their surface layers and activation of … SpletAbstract Many groups of extinct and extant organisms have aggregated to form reefs for over 3.5 billion yr (Ga). Most of these communities, however, grew under ecological and environmental controls profoundly different from those that govern modern coral reefs. Not only has the global distribution of reefs varied considerably through geological …

Latitudinal Gradients in Induced and Constitutive Resistance

Splet02. jun. 2016 · Knowledge of latitudinal patterns in plant defense and herbivory is crucial for understanding the mechanisms that govern ecosystem functioning and for predicting … SpletOverall, it is shown that every pattern of herbivory (positive, negative and no relationship) is possible across a latitudinal gradient, and this variation depends on the insects' degree of specialization and feeding guild. The latitudinal herbivory-defense hypothesis (LHDH) posits that herbivory and plant defenses increase toward lower latitudes. Recent studies … bs37 イヤホン評価

Marginal Reefs in the Anthropocene: They Are Not Noah’s Ark

Splet10. nov. 2024 · It could be possible that cultivated varieties have stronger inducible defenses than the wild variety, which could have a higher constitutive defense . This hypothesis is supported by work on tomatoes and maize showing that cultivated plant varieties increased their VOC emissions in response to herbivory to a greater extent than … Splet20. jul. 2011 · The latitudinal herbivory-defence hypothesis takes a detour on the map Evidence for and against the latitudinal herbivory-defence … SpletAbstract In this review, we discuss the ecological and evolutionary consequences of plant-herbivore interactions in tropical forests. We note first that herbivory rates are higher in tropical forests than in temperate ones and that, in contrast to leaves in temperate forests, most of the damage to tropical leaves occurs when they are young and expanding. … bs36 イヤホン初期化

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SpletThe latitudinal herbivory defense hypothesis (LHDH) postulates that the prevalence of species interactions, including herbivory, is greater at lower latitudes, leading to selection for increased levels of plant defense. Splet11. sep. 2008 · One prediction of this theory is that plants should tend to be better defended at lower latitudes. Here we investigated latitudinal trends in herbivory and tannins, in four species of common North American trees. Our comparisons spanned 15° of latitude in Acer rubrum, Fagus grandifolia, and Quercus alba, and 10° latitude in Liquidambar styraciflua. bs365 パンツSplet24. feb. 2024 · Understanding the distribution patterns and underlying maintenance mechanisms of insect species is a core issue in the field of insect ecology. However, research gaps remain regarding the environmental factors that determine the distribution of insect species along altitudinal gradients in Guandi Mountain, China. Here, we explored … 大阪ホテル 5人部屋格安

"SpletIn this study, tests of the latitudinal defense hypothesis show no we assessed herbivory and measured foliar tannin consistent trend. concentrations of four North American trees along a We chose to test the predictions of the latitudinal latitudinal transect. herbivory theory in several species of North American trees, sampled at several points … " - The latitudinal herbivory defense hypothesis

The latitudinal herbivory defense hypothesis

Marginal Reefs in the Anthropocene: They Are Not Noah’s Ark

Splet生态型〔英文：ecotype，源自希腊文“οίκος”（拉丁转写：oíkos；意为住所、栖息地）＋“τύπος”（túpos；类型）〕，也称生态种（英文：ecospecies），是由20世纪瑞典植物学家约特·蒂勒松（瑞典文：Göte Turesson）在1922年提出的一个概念，指物种内适应特定生境，并在形态和遗传上具有特异性的 ... Splet04. sep. 2024 · The herbivory between invasive and native P. australis was illustrated to show nonparallel latitudinal gradients, and it was suggested that local communities may be more susceptible to plant invasion at lower latitudes than at higher latitudes.

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Splet21. sep. 2024 · Path analysis indicated a significant (negative) effect of plant chemical defences (condensed tannins) on leaf herbivory, suggesting that the latitudinal gradient in leaf herbivory was driven by an inverse gradient in defensive investment. Leaf nutrients had no independent influence on herbivory. Splet11. sep. 2008 · A test of the latitudinal defense hypothesis: herbivory, tannins and total phenolics in four North American tree species Introduction. Biogeographical theory …

Splet09. avg. 2016 · The evolutionary impacts of leaf herbivory include altering plant fitness, local adaptation, the evolution of defenses, and the diversification of plants as well as natural enemies. Leaf herbivory also impacts ecological processes such as plant productivity, community composition, and ecosystem nutrient cycling. SpletStevens used the rule to "explain" greater species diversity in the tropics in the sense that latitudinal gradients in species diversity and the rule have identical exceptional data and so must have the same underlying cause. Narrower ranges in the tropics would facilitate more species to coexist.

SpletThe latitudinal herbivory-defense hypothesis (LHDH) predicts that plants near the equator will be more heavily defended against herbivores than are plants at higher latitudes. Although this idea is widely found in the literature, recent studies have called this biogeographic pattern into question. We sought to evaluate the LHDH in a high SpletIn addition to the hygrothermal hypothesis, Fernandes and Price (1991) also argued that soil fertility is an important factor that affects GFI species richness in relation to latitudinal gradients. This hypothesis states that lower GFI species richness should occur in fertile soils. Evidence indicates that low contents of phosphor-

Splet19. mar. 2024 · In the early 1990s, the latitudinal herbivory hypothesis (LHH) was proposed to explain why the herbivory and plant defense is greater in lower latitudinal areas than in higher latitudinal areas, which is the primary reason for the maintenance of a higher … Ecology and Evolution is a broad-scope open access journal. All research in ecolo…

Splet10. apr. 2012 · The Optimal Defence Theory (ODT) revolves around the idea that the tissues most vulnerable to herbivores and most valuable to the plant should be the best defended. This means that in a nutrient-limited environment, the costs of replacing damaged tissues are greater, and that plants in this environment will be constitutively well protected. 大阪ホテルおすすめ心斎橋SpletAbstract. The latitudinal herbivory defense hypothesis (LHDH) postulates that the preva lence of species interactions, including herbivory, is greater at lower latitudes, leading to … 大阪ポイント pitapaSplet07. apr. 2016 · The simplest explanation for the lack of a latitudinal gradient in defence in this study (and others like it) is that the lack of a general relationship between latitude and herbivory means that there is not consistently higher selection pressure for higher defence at lower latitudes. 大阪ホテルお風呂夜景Splet09. dec. 2010 · Only 37% of the 38 latitudinal comparisons of herbivory showed higher herbivory at lower latitudes, and the average effect size in a meta-analysis was not … bs365 生活サポートシステムSplet19. mar. 2024 · In the early 1990s, the latitudinal herbivory hypothesis (LHH) was proposed to explain why the herbivory and plant defense is greater in lower latitudinal areas than in … 大阪ホテルモSpletdrivers for natural ecosystems, and herbivory is thus considered as a key component of terrestrial food webs. In the early 1990s, the lati-tudinal herbivory hypothesis (LHH) was … bs391 ノボルSplet01. avg. 2011 · In accordance with the latitudinal herbivory-defense (LHD) hypothesis (Johnson and Rasmann, 2011), plants' defensive chemistry should also follow the same … 大阪ポップコーンパパ営業時間